Can you help me understand this Law question?
DQ1-A nomothetic method seeks to produce general statements that account for larger social patterns, which form the context of sole events, individual behaviors, and experiences (Frumkin, Haroutounian and Rodebaugh, 2020). Sociologists who practice nomothetic research are likely to work with large survey data sets or other forms of statistical data and to conduct quantitative statistical analysis as their method of study. Qualitative when it comes to research, relies on the unstructured observation and interviews.
This could be in sum with field notes and observations and interviews conducted by the researchers. As quantitative in research may be more incline towards the science backed up by statistics. Ideographic come from ancient times, as it was pronounced in Latin meaning “special” or “personal” Researchers who would take a tailor approach to the research would be emphasizing on the subject matter. This approached advocated qualitative research methods in many case studies
Frumkin, M. R., Haroutounian, S., & Rodebaugh, T. L. (2020). Examining emotional pain among individuals with chronic physical pain: Nomothetic and idiographic approaches. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 136. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.jpsyc… `
DQ2- Qualitative- Qualitative methods emphasize details, intricacies, and nuances of different criminal justice topics (Bachman and Schutt, 2020). Often, these practices are used in conjunction with quantitative strategies to elaborate on the processes of individual programs (Bachman and Schutt, 2020). Analyzing how people react to certain medical and psychological treatments is where qualitative data is integral to research; these findings can be difficult to quantify(Bachman and Schutt, 2020).
Quantitative- When outcomes involving experimental and control groups need to be analyzed and compared quantitative data is essential (Bachman and Schutt, 2020). The ability to put information into numbers allows for accurate comparisons (Bachman and Schutt, 2020). Longitudinal studies or those in which data changes over time must be conducted with quantitative research principles in order to accurately track information (Bachman and Schutt, 2020).
Nomothetic- Nomothetic effects are those in which the altering of one variable inherently changes the actions of another variable (Bachman and Schutt, 2020).
Idiographic- The idiographic perspective is when various, events, actions and intentions alter the results of potential outcomes (Bachman and Schutt, 2020).
Reference:
Bachman, R. D., & Schutt, R. K. (2020). The practice of research in criminal justice (7 ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage. th
DQ3- “A causal explanation is an explanation for some characteristics, attitude, or behavior of groups, individuals, or other entities (such as families, organizations, or cities) or for events…for example, does problem-oriented policing (independent variable) reduce violent crime (dependent variable)?…this type of causal explanation is termed nomothetic” (Bachman & Schutt, 2020 pg. 151).
The three criteria for identifying a causal relationship are empirical association, appropriate time order and nonspuriousness. Empirical association is finding an ‘association’ between the independent variable and the dependent variable. Time order is the independent variable came before variation in the dependent variable – the cause must come before the presumed effect. Lastly, nonspuriousness is for establishing the existence of a causal effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable; in some respects, it is the most important criterion. (Bachman & Schutt, 2020 pg. 155-156).
Bachman, R., & Schutt, R. (2020). The Practice of Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice by Bachman, Ronet D., Schutt, Russell K. (SAGE Publications, Inc,2013) [Paperback] Fifth Edition (Fifth Edition). SAGE
